Understanding Sciatica And Lower Back Pain

By Patrick Foote

Sciatica and lower back pain are common companions and it is helpful to understand how they are related. Sciatica is a neither a disorder, nor a spinal condition. The term instead refers to a set of symptoms, including back pain, that can arise when the sciatic nerve becomes irritated or compressed by an anatomical abnormality in the spine.

The Sciatic Nerve

As the longest nerve in the body, the sciatic nerve runs down the right and left lower extremities, from the base of the spine, through the hips and buttocks, and down into the legs and feet. It is made up of several nerve roots that originate at the base of the spinal cord, including the fourth and fifth lumbar nerves (L4 and L5) and the first, second, and third sacral nerves (S1, S2, and S3).

Most people typically group the symptoms that characterize sciatica into a general ‘leg pain’ category. More specifically, sciatic nerve compression symptoms can include radiating pain, numbness, muscle weakness, and tingling which can travel down the length of the nerve. Additionally, sciatica may present with back pain in the lumbar (lower back) region of the spine.

[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R4i8SpNgzA4[/youtube]

Causes

There are a number of conditions that might cause sciatica and lower back pain. Some of these conditions include:

— A herniated disc – A herniated disc is also known as a ruptured disc. When this condition develops in the lumbar spine, the sciatic nerve roots are vulnerable to compression by the expelled disc material that can leak into the spinal canal.

— Traumatic injuries – Car accidents, falls, and other injuries inflicted upon the lower back, hips, or buttocks can damage the sciatic nerve roots or the nerve itself.

— Spondylolisthesis – This condition arises when one vertebra slips anteriorly (forward) over the vertebra below it. The slipped vertebra in the lower back can cause sciatica if it comes in contact with a portion of the sciatic nerve.

— Piriformis syndrome – The piriformis muscle, situated between the pelvis and the hip joint, is part of the group of hip flexor muscles. When this narrow, triangular band of tissue tightens or spasms, it can put pressure on the sciatic nerve.

— Spinal stenosis – Lumbar spinal stenosis, or the narrowing of the spinal canal in the lower back, can lead to pinched lumbar or sacral nerve roots.

Treatments

A doctor or spine specialist may initially suggest treating sciatica and lower back pain conservatively. Conservative, or non-surgical, treatments typically include physical therapy, behavior modification, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroid injections, stretching, low-impact exercises, and cold/hot therapies. Some patients dealing with sciatica and lower back pain have found relief from alternative methods that take a more holistic approach to treatment, such as massage therapy, acupuncture, chiropractic adjustments, and acupressure.

All of these methods are generally successful at alleviating sciatica symptoms after several weeks or months of application. However, a surgical procedure to treat sciatica – such as a discectomy or foraminotomy – may be required in the most severe cases of unrelenting and debilitating symptoms.

About the Author: Patrick Foote is the Director of eBusiness at Laser Spine Institute, the leader in endoscopic spine surgery. Laser Spine Institute specializes in safe and effective outpatient procedures for

sciatica

and several other spinal conditions.

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Former professional wrestler Giant González dies aged 44

Tuesday, September 28, 2010

Former Argentine professional wrestler and basketball player Jorge ‘Giant’ González has died at the age of 44. González died in his hometown of San Martin, Argentina. The cause of death was established to be complications of diabetes. González had suffered with the illness for several years and was wheelchair bound.

Standing over 7.5 feet (2.3 metres) tall, González was originally a basketball player before becoming a wrestler. Upon moving to the United States, he was drafted in the third round of the 1988 NBA draft by the Atlanta Hawks. After his basketball career ended, he joined World Championship Wrestling (WCW). During his time there, he wrestled as El Gigante for two years, then joining the World Wrestling Federation (WWF), now World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE).

During his time with the WWF, González feuded with The Undertaker. He debuted at the 1993 Royal Rumble where he eliminated Undertaker from the Royal Rumble match. He spent the entire of his time at with the WWF feuding with Undertaker and left the company in July 1993 after losing a Rest in Peace match to him. After leaving the company, he wrestled in Japan before retiring in 1995 after suffering from sciatic nerve pain.

González is the latest in a line of former WWE wrestlers to die in the last two months. In August, both Lance Cade and Luna Vachon passed away, while Mike ‘Bastion Booger’ Shaw died at the age of 53 earlier this month.

Retrieved from “https://en.wikinews.org/w/index.php?title=Former_professional_wrestler_Giant_González_dies_aged_44&oldid=4598228”

Wikinews interviews former Salt Lake City mayor and 2012 presidential candidate Rocky Anderson

Wednesday, December 21, 2011

Former Salt Lake City mayor and human rights activist Rocky Anderson took some time to discuss his 2012 U.S. presidential campaign and the newly-created Justice Party with Wikinews reporter William S. Saturn.

Anderson served as mayor of Salt Lake City for eight years (2000–2008) as a member of the Democratic Party. During his tenure, he enacted proposals to reduce the city’s carbon emissions, reformed its criminal justice system, and positioned it as a leading sanctuary for refugees. After leaving office, Anderson grew critical of the Democratic Party’s failure to push for impeachment against President George W. Bush, and for not reversing policies on torture, taxes, and defense spending. He left the party earlier this year and announced that he would form a Third party.

Anderson officially established the Justice Party last week during a press conference in Washington D.C.. He proclaimed “We the people are powerful enough to end the perverse government-to-the-highest-bidder system sustained by the two dominant parties…We are here today for the sake of justice — social justice, environmental justice and economic justice.” The party promotes campaign finance reform and is attempting to appeal to the Occupy Wall Street movement. It is currently working on ballot access efforts, and will hold a Founding Convention in February 2012 in Salt Lake City.

Among other issues, Anderson discussed climate change, health care, education, and civil liberties. He detailed his successes as mayor of Salt Lake City, stressed the importance of executive experience, and expressed his views on President Barack Obama and some of the Republican Party presidential candidates. He spoke in depth about former Massachusetts governor Mitt Romney, with whom he worked during the 2002 Winter Olympics, and fellow Utahan, former governor and U.S. ambassador to China Jon Huntsman, Jr..

Retrieved from “https://en.wikinews.org/w/index.php?title=Wikinews_interviews_former_Salt_Lake_City_mayor_and_2012_presidential_candidate_Rocky_Anderson&oldid=4635257”

Preliminary report released on Spanair disaster that killed 154

Saturday, October 11, 2008

A preliminary report has been released into the disastrous crash of Spanair Flight 5022 in Madrid, Spain on August 20, which killed 154. The report confirms an earlier leaked finding that the wing flaps failed and no warning sounded to alert the pilots.

The MD-82 was headed from Barajas airport to the Canary Islands. Video footage from airport security cameras shows the airliner travelling across an unusually long distance of runway before take-off. It failed to maintain altitude and quickly dropped back down at the runway’s end, before bursting into a fireball. Just eighteen people survived the accident.

The report confirms that the aircraft failed to get beyond forty feet off the ground before entering a stall and crashing. The tail of the jet struck the ground first, and the Spanish Civil Aviation Accident Investigation Commission (CIAIAC)’s report also notes that the aircraft was carrying 10,130 litres (2,673 gallons) of fuel.

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The wing flaps were “fully retracted” at “0 degrees” according to the 12-page report, which also notes that the cockpit voice recorder indicates a complete failure of the take-off warning system (TOWS) – which is supposed to alert pilots attempting to take off in a plane that is not properly configured – to sound prior to the failed ascent. Spanair checks the TOWS each day and after every change in flight crew, but neither of these occurred between the accident flight and the flight before.

It is not known when the CIAIAC’s final report will be ready, but estimates vary from a few months to two years. The latest report notes “The investigation continues. It will be necessary to carry out tests and an exhaustive examination of the recovered parts of the plane.” A separate judicial investigation also continues.

Retrieved from “https://en.wikinews.org/w/index.php?title=Preliminary_report_released_on_Spanair_disaster_that_killed_154&oldid=3134053”

Things To Avoid With A Self Directed Ira Real Estate Plan (Part Two)}

Things To Avoid With A Self Directed IRA Real Estate Plan (Part Two)

by

Gordi

SHIRLEY and NEIL decided to buy a duplex using their self directed IRA real estate plan, so they instructed their IRA custodial manager to buy the duplexes jointly using both of their IRAs to borrow 60% of the purchase price from a national non recourse lender. The units were fully rented and the net operating income was enough to make the mortgage payments each month. About six months after buying the units a fire started in one of the kitchens and smoke damage meant both unit were made uninhabitable, until the damage had been repaired and the units cleaned up.

Of course Shirley made a claim on her insurance immediately, but the insurance money did not come through in time for the IRA to meet the next mortgage payments. Shirley decided to make the payment personally so her IRA would not be in arrears. This could have been considered an excess contribution, as Shirley was only entitled to make $5000,00 in contributions per year. She should have paid the money to her IRA and let that pay the mortgage. The next month the insurance company paid the claim money to her IRA. If Shirley had another month of no cash flow she could have made contributions to her IRA and claimed them as excess contributions, subject to an excess contribution filing and 6% potential penalty annually, until the excess was removed or the contributions she was entitled to make yearly added up to the amount of the excess. NEIL had an investment property that he had purchased at a good price. However, he realized that his tax benefits would be much better, if his self directed IRA real estate plan owned the property. He knows that he can not sell his property to his IRA without A Prohibited Transaction Exemption. And he knew that that would not be forthcoming, so he decided to sell the property to his friend Edward. Edward was not aware that Neil was trying to bypass the Prohibited Transaction rules, Neil just told Edward that he needed to transfer some assets, and he would sell the property to Edward for a nominal amount and Neil would pay Edward for helping him out, The Title company would record the transaction in Edwards name and Neil would pay all the fees and taxes.When the sale had gone through Neil directed his IRA custodial manager to buy the property from Edward. The IRA custodial manager worked in with the Title Company to follow Neils directions. While this was going on Edward rang up the IRA manager and asked how IRAs could buy property as he had not heard of this before, Edward mentioned he was just doing this deal with a friend and he would like to do the same thing. The manager told Edward he would look at the transaction more closely and would get back to him, and yes, he could use his IRA to buy and sell property. Neil was right, the Dept of Labor would not grant him a Prohibited Transaction Exemption. The property was not an arms length transaction and Neil was in the process of entering into a prohibited Transaction with his IRA and was defying the rule that said you can not do something indirectly that you can not do directly. Edward told Neil what he had learned from the manager, but NEIL already knew, as the manager had rung him up straight away. The upshot was that NEIL lost $5000,00 because he bent the rules, Edward didn’t want the property so he gave that back. Neil having received an lesson about bending the rules, kept on the straight and narrow after that, and went into a partnership in a self directed IRA real estate plan with Edward. As usual if this all seems too much or you just can not be bothered, there is a simpler more TURNKEY solution to investing in real estate and IRAs.. Just click the url at the bottom of this article and go to my website. There you will find much more information.

Gordon Hall is an ardent reviewer of IRAs and other retirement funds. Visit his website now at http://www.double-your-ira.com to discover which retirement funds Gordon recommends after far ranging and extensive comparisons.

Article Source:

Things To Avoid With A Self Directed IRA Real Estate Plan (Part Two)}

Wikipedia founder embroiled in affair and financial allegations

Wednesday, March 5, 2008

This article mentions the Wikimedia Foundation, one of its projects, or people related to it. Wikinews is a project of the Wikimedia Foundation.

The implosion of a relationship between Wikipedia founder Jimmy Wales and journalist Rachel Marsden has resulted in controversy and international headlines. Associated Press and ABC News have also reported on questionable activity by Wales involving Wikimedia Foundation expenses. The Wikimedia Foundation is a donor-supported non-profit organization which runs Wikipedia.

Marsden had contacted Wales two years ago about concerns she had over the article about her on Wikipedia, and Wales determined the article was not compliant with Wikipedia’s standards. The tech blog Valleywag revealed Wales had a personal relationship with Marsden, and posted supposed transcripts of their instant message conversations on its site, www.valleywag.com. Wales and Marsden met in February, and The Times reported that “An apparent transcript of their conversations before that meeting suggests that, although Mr Wales had withdrawn from the editing process, he was still influencing the editors.” The Times quoted Wales from the chat logs as having stated to Marsden “The truth is of course a much worse conflict of interest than that; but that will do.” — in reference to his conflict of interest regarding Marsden’s article on Wikipedia.

Wales posted a public statement on Saturday on Wikipedia addressing the matter, and stated that his relationship with Marsden was over: “First, while I find it hard to imagine that anyone really cares about my sex life, the facts are: I am separated from my wife. I considered myself single at the time of my one meeting with Rachel Marsden on Feb. 9, 2008 … I am no longer involved with Rachel Marsden. Gossipy stories suggesting that I have been in a relationship with her ‘since last fall’ are completely false … I care deeply about the integrity of Wikipedia, and take very seriously my responsibilities as a member of the board and as a member of the Wikipedia community. I would never knowingly do anything to compromise that trust.” With regard to the conflict of interest in Marsden’s article, Wales had acknowledged to a team of Wikipedia editors in February 2008 that he and Marsden “became friends … and that we would be meeting about that,” and stated “I recused myself from any further official action with respect to her biography.”

On Sunday, The Canadian Press reported that Marsden had posted photos of herself on Ebay, and was selling items that Wales had left at her New York City apartment. In her Ebay posting, Marsden stated: “Hi, my name is Rachel and my (now ex-) boyfriend, Wikipedia founder Jimmy Wales, just broke up with me via an announcement on Wikipedia … It was such a classy move that I was inspired to do something equally classy myself, so I’m selling a couple of items of clothing he left behind, here in my NYC apartment, on eBay. Jimbo was supposed to come visit me in a couple of weeks and pick up some of his stuff, but obviously that won’t be happening now.” Marsden told The Canadian Press “It didn’t really help matters that Jimmy chose to announce the breakup to the entire world via Wikipedia (which apparently now is an online encyclopedia that doubles as a personal soapbox?) rather than to me directly (which he did much later, in an instant message discussion).”

I care deeply about the integrity of Wikipedia, and take very seriously my responsibilities as a member of the board and as a member of the Wikipedia community. I would never knowingly do anything to compromise that trust.

Marsden placed a t-shirt and sweater which she said were left at her apartment by Wales up on Ebay, and started the bidding for each at ninety-nine cents, with the auctions set to end on March 12. By Monday, bidding on the t-shirt had reached US$300, and by Tuesday the highest bid had reached $12,200. In an email to The Globe and Mail, Marsden stated “My only focus right now, to be really honest, is on my career and finding a way to get back into print, TV, or radio here in NYC,” she wrote. “All of this other personal stuff is just an unfortunate distraction.”

Jay Walsh, the Wikimedia Foundation’s head of communications, told the San Jose Mercury News that Wales’ actions in relaying Marsden’s concerns about her Wikipedia article to a team of trusted editors was within his “routine” role. When asked by the San Jose Mercury News if Wales’ actions regarding the Marsden article could compromise his role with the Wikimedia Foundation and Wikipedia, Walsh responded “No, absolutely not.”

On Tuesday, ABC News carried a story by Wired News reporter Megan McCarthy regarding allegations of “excessive spending” by Wales, and Associated Press also reported on questions involving Wikimedia Foundation expenses. McCarthy reported that former Wikimedia executive Danny Wool, who had left the foundation last year, criticized Wales’ use of Wikimedia Foundation expenses in a blog post. Wool stated that Wales had tried to expense $300 bottles of wine, a $1,300 dinner for four at a Florida steakhouse, and visits to Moscow massage parlors to the foundation, and that the foundation rescinded Wales’ corporate credit card in 2006. Wool also stated that Wales paid the foundation $7,000, after being short $30,000 on receipts for expenses.

Wool told EPICENTER that “There were occasions where he used [the Wikimedia Foundation] for personal advancement under the guide [sic] of the mission. And, as someone who was in there for the mission part of it, I found that rather distressful.” Wool commented in an interview with the San Francisco Chronicle: “Originally, it was carelessness … But as things developed, it became more apparent and obvious that he was taking advantage of the foundation credit card. It was almost like his personal piggy bank.”

Jimmy has never used Wikimedia money to subsidize his personal expenditures. Indeed, he has consistently put the foundation’s interests ahead of his own.

In an instant message exchange with Associated Press, Wales denied that the Wikimedia Foundation had taken away his corporate credit card, and asserted that he had made the decision to stop expensing business travel for the foundation. Wales highlighted a statement by the foundation’s executive director Sue Gardner: “Jimmy has never used Wikimedia money to subsidize his personal expenditures. Indeed, he has consistently put the foundation’s interests ahead of his own.” In an email to Associated Press, Brad Patrick, a former attorney for the Wikimedia Foundation, stated “Danny seems interested in blogging his way straight to a lawsuit”.

Florence Devouard, who chairs the Wikimedia Foundation, told Associated Press that Wales had been “slow in submitting receipts,” and that the foundation had rejected Wales’ expense at the Florida steakhouse. Devouard told fellow foundation board members in a private email that she had convinced Associated Press that “the money story was a no story,” and told Wales “I find (it) tiring to see how you are constantly trying to rewrite the past. Get a grip!” Wales told Associated Press: “The board, the current executive director, the previous executive director, and independent auditors have reviewed our books and publicly agree that all of my expenses were appropriate and fully accounted for.”

Media reports speculated on how the controversy would end up being represented in Wikipedia itself. On Wednesday, the St. Petersburg Times wrote: “Wales’ Wikipedia page said only this about Marsden: ‘Wales had a brief relationship with Canadian journalist Rachel Marsden.'” An article in The Australian surmised: “History will decide whether Mr Wales broke his own principles, but before that happens there may well be a Wikipedia page devoted to the controversy.”

Retrieved from “https://en.wikinews.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_founder_embroiled_in_affair_and_financial_allegations&oldid=2950225”

Afghanistan suicide bomb leaves seven Americans dead

Thursday, December 31, 2009

A suicide bomber attacked an American base in the Khowst region on the Pakistani border of Afghanistan, leaving seven American CIA officers dead and six injured. No American or NATO military personnel were killed or injured in the attack on Forward Operating Base Chapman.

It appears that the suicide bomber, reportedly wearing an Afghan National Army uniform, blew himself up in either the gym or the dining facility of Base Chapman.

In a statement on the Voice of Jihad web page, the Taliban claimed responsiblity for the attack, alleging 20 “CIA employees” were killed in the incident.

The Chapman Base is a converted military base which is now being used for civilian reconstruction operations, although military personnel are still located on the base. Camp Salerno, the main base in the Khowst province, has been the target of many attacks in recent weeks.

Recent attacks have been focused on foreign civilians, such as an incident in October in which 7 foreign and 3 Afghan civilians were killed in an attack at a UN guest house. The CIA has not lost this many operatives in nearly 25 years and the last time CIA agents were killed was in 2003.

Retrieved from “https://en.wikinews.org/w/index.php?title=Afghanistan_suicide_bomb_leaves_seven_Americans_dead&oldid=4460629”

Wikinews interviews Jeremy Hanke, editor of MicroFilmmaker Magazine

Friday, April 11, 2008

Wikinews held an exclusive interview with Jeremy Hanke, editor of MicroFilmmaker Magazine. The magazine, which is free to read online, was started as a resource for the low budget moviemaker and features book, independent film, equipment and software reviews as well as articles on film distribution, special effects and lighting.

He says that one of the goals of the magazine is to “connect low-budget filmmakers via a feeling of community, as many…..often compete so viciously against one another in film festivals for coveted “shots” with Hollywood, that they can quickly forget their similarities.”

When asked if films made on a shoestring budget can really compete with those made for millions of dollars, he replied, “no…yes…and absolutely. Allow me to explain.” And so he does in the interview below.

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F Rhinoplastymaster.Com Nose Jobs New York}

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Dr. Philip J. Miller has been performing nose jobs in New York for more than 20 years. As a rhinoplasty surgeon, Dr. Miller specializes in surgically reshaping patients noses and correcting nasal obstructions.

Patients have rhinoplasty performed for many reasons. Some are dissatisfied with their natural noses, some have incurred injuries to their noses, and some do not like how aging has changed their noses. A nose job can make the nose smaller, more defined, less protrusive, or narrower; correct bumps on the ridge; repair a drooping nasal tip; minimize a bulbous tip; reconstruct a damaged nose; correct a deviated septum and more. The goal of rhinoplasty is to give each patient a nose that functions normally and suits his or her face.

In addition to improving the aesthetics of the nose, rhinoplasty is performed to improve its function. Structural flaws, like a deviated septum, can inhibit a persons ability to breathe by obstructing the nasal passage. During rhinoplasty, a septoplasty can be performed to correct a deviated septum.

Patients have rhinoplasty performed for many reasons. Some are dissatisfied with their natural noses, some have incurred injuries to their noses, and some do not like how aging has changed their noses. A nose job can make the nose smaller, more defined, less protrusive, or narrower; correct bumps on the ridge; repair a drooping nasal tip; minimize a bulbous tip; reconstruct a damaged nose; correct a deviated septum and more. The goal of rhinoplasty is to give each patient a nose that functions normally and suits his or her face.

[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=syXb2G-Yv4E[/youtube]

In addition to improving the aesthetics of the nose, rhinoplasty is performed to improve its function. Structural flaws, like a deviated septum, can inhibit a persons ability to breathe by obstructing the nasal passage. During rhinoplasty, a septoplasty can be performed to correct a deviated septum.

Patients have rhinoplasty performed for many reasons. Some are dissatisfied with their natural noses, some have incurred injuries to their noses, and some do not like how aging has changed their noses. A nose job can make the nose smaller, more defined, less protrusive, or narrower; correct bumps on the ridge; repair a drooping nasal tip; minimize a bulbous tip; reconstruct a damaged nose; correct a deviated septum and more. The goal of rhinoplasty is to give each patient a nose that functions normally and suits his or her face.

In addition to improving the aesthetics of the nose, rhinoplasty is performed to improve its function. Structural flaws, like a deviated septum, can inhibit a persons ability to breathe by obstructing the nasal passage. During rhinoplasty, a septoplasty can be performed to correct a deviated septum.

Patients have rhinoplasty performed for many reasons. Some are dissatisfied with their natural noses, some have incurred injuries to their noses, and some do not like how aging has changed their noses. A nose job can make the nose smaller, more defined, less protrusive, or narrower; correct bumps on the ridge; repair a drooping nasal tip; minimize a bulbous tip; reconstruct a damaged nose; correct a deviated septum and more. The goal of rhinoplasty is to give each patient a nose that functions normally and suits his or her face.

In addition to improving the aesthetics of the nose, rhinoplasty is performed to improve its function. Structural flaws, like a deviated septum, can inhibit a persons ability to breathe by obstructing the nasal passage. During rhinoplasty, a septoplasty can be performed to correct a deviated septum.

Patients have rhinoplasty performed for many reasons. Some are dissatisfied with their natural noses, some have incurred injuries to their noses, and some do not like how aging has changed their noses. A nose job can make the nose smaller, more defined, less protrusive, or narrower; correct bumps on the ridge; repair a drooping nasal tip; minimize a bulbous tip; reconstruct a damaged nose; correct a deviated septum and more. The goal of rhinoplasty is to give each patient a nose that functions normally and suits his or her face.

In addition to improving the aesthetics of the nose, rhinoplasty is performed to improve its function. Structural flaws, like a deviated septum, can inhibit a persons ability to breathe by obstructing the nasal passage. During rhinoplasty, a septoplasty can be performed to correct a deviated septum.

Dr. Miller performs nose jobs in his New York office facility. Prior to surgery, he will discuss the patients expectations and desires. Then he will perform a thorough examination of the nose. During surgery, Dr. Miller typically uses a closed rhinoplasty technique to hide surgical incisions inside the nose, though he will use open rhinoplasty when appropriate. Surgery takes approximately 1-2.5 hours, depending on the complexity of the surgery. During this time, the patient may elect to have general anesthesia or IV sedation. Afterwards, patients will experience bruising and swelling, which will resolve over the next few weeks.

Dr. Miller is a highly acclaimed cosmetic and facial plastic surgeon, known for his expert nose jobs in New York. In addition to primary rhinoplasty, he is an experienced revision rhinoplasty surgeon, meaning he performs second or third nasal surgeries to improve upon the results of a previous nose job.

Prospective patients can learn more about rhinoplasty by visiting our video classroom.

About the Author: For more information about nose jobs New York please visit

rhinoplastymaster.com

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American Bar Association denounced President Bush’s warrantless domestic surveillance program

Sunday, February 19, 2006

On Monday, the American Bar Association denounced President Bush’s program of domestic surveillance without court issued warrants. The program has been the subject of much debate, with the opposition claiming it is unconstitutional, and supporters saying that it is constitutional and that it helps to catch terrorists.

In the past, wiretap warrants could be secretly obtained from a special court created by the 1978 Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act or publicly obtained from any federal court. The Bush administration maintains that the congressional measure authorizing war in September 2001 empowered eavesdropping without any court issued warrant. The ABA has also asked Congress to affirm that granting such authority was not its intention.

President Bush has claimed that only a small number of Americans were subject to NSA eavesdrop without the usual requisite warrants. But, Russell Tice, who worked for the NSA for 20 years, has disagreed, saying that millions of Americans could be affected “if the full range of secret NSA programs is used.”

Mr. Tice said that individual conversations can be isolated based upon keywords, such as ‘jihad’, but such technology is most often used for keyword based traffic analysis of the conversations of suspects, as well as their acquaintances.

The ABA sets academic standards for law schools and controls the code of ethical standards for lawyers.

Last May, the NSA revoked Tice’s security clearance based upon so-called psychological concerns, and later dismissed him. Tice has responded that this is simply the NSA’s way of dealing with whistleblowers. NSA has made no further comment.

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